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This course GH556 seeks to provide you the information to aid you grasp the comprehension of the methodological approach and becoming a better educated citizen of knowledge are two of the key objectives of this course. In this course, students will study on global mental health research findings could be employed in the area of medicine.
Location- London
Study level- Post Graduation
Unit code- GH556
As evidenced by the inclusion of mental health as one of the Sustainable Development Goals, there has been a growing recognition of the critical role that mental health plays in achieving global development goals in recent years. Depression is one of the most common causes of disability in the world. Suicide is the second highest cause of mortality among those aged 15-29 years old in the United States. People suffering from serious mental illnesses die prematurely – often as much as two decades too soon – as a result of avoidable physical ailments. Although there has been improvement in certain nations, persons who suffer from mental illnesses are still subjected to significant human rights breaches as well as discrimination and stigma.
Despite the fact that many mental health illnesses may be adequately treated at a minimal cost, there is still a significant disparity between those who need treatment and those who have access to it. The percentage of people who get effective therapy continues to be exceedingly low. In order to increase understanding and reduce stigma surrounding mental illness, increased investment is required on all fronts: mental health awareness campaigns, efforts to increase access to high-quality mental health care, effective treatments, and research to identify and improve existing treatments for all mental disorders. In 2019, the World Health Organization launched the WHO Special Initiative for Mental Health (2019-2023): Universal Health Coverage for Mental Health, which aims to provide 100 million more people with access to high-quality and affordable mental health care in 12 priority countries over the next five years.
Historians will accept the unavoidable fact of global connection as they look back on the year 2020. Health, social, and emotional repercussions of the COVID19 pandemic will be felt in every nation, no matter how remote the location. Others will recall the outpouring of pent-up anger, sadness, and frustration caused by generations of social inequities, exclusion, racism, and discrimination – evident in both the disparities in mortality revealed by COVID19 and the persistent acts of structural and physical violence (highlighted among people of African descent in the United States) – as the most vivid memories in their lives going forward. It will not be denied that these experiences have an emotional impact or have longer-term consequences for one's mental health. The right reactions to them — whether social, psychological, political, or a mix of these – are up for dispute. Solving challenges like these is an excellent fit for the subject of global mental health.
In the field of global mental health, which is still in its early stages, the goal is to alleviate mental suffering by preventing, diagnosing, treating, and managing mental and substance use disorders, as well as promoting and maintaining the mental health of individuals and communities all over the world. Several disciplines, including neuroscience, genomics, social sciences (particularly psychology, medical anthropology and sociology), and implementation science are all influenced by this approach. It prioritises equity and is informed by a wide range of disciplines, including neuroscience, genomics, and implementation science. Advocacy is critical in the distribution and translation of information into concrete policies and programs that can be implemented by communities, health systems, and policymakers. Worldwide efforts in the field of mental health are extensive, and they aim to include a "reframed" mental health agenda within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development . The four pillars of this reframed strategy serve as its basis. Beginning with the recognition of mental health as a global public benefit that demands action and intervention outside the scope of the health sector, we may move forward.
Adopting a multidimensional approach that conceptualises mental health as a continuum from wellness to sickness allows for equal focus to be placed on both the prevention and treatment of mental illnesses as well as the promotion and maintenance of mental health is the second method to consider. The third pillar emphasises the confluence of sociocultural experience and environmental context, genetics, neurodevelopment, and psychology on brain biology, which results in subjective feelings of mental health or suffering depending on the individual. As a result, our understanding of mental health, as well as our capacity to act, is based on a synthesis of numerous sources of information. People with lived experience of mental health disorders must have an important role in shaping prevention, treatment, and research under the fourth principle, which establishes human rights as a key pillar of global mental health activity.
In order to attain the goals of global mental health, numerous measures are advocated for policymakers, funders, health system administrators, activists, and communities to do in their respective fields. These include the use of policies to address upstream social determinants of mental health; the scaling up of mental health services and the integration of mental health into other global health priorities, from HIV/AIDS to noncommunicable disease care; targeting vulnerable periods of development by investing in the mental health and well-being of young people; the application of innovative approaches to extend mental health care; and the call for increased financial investment in mental health care and research.
In the context of global mental health, shared determinants of health include low investment in mental health care, inadequate focus to prevention as well as treatment of mental diseases, insufficient human resources, and therefore, restricted access and quality of care. Equally important are transnational upstream determinants of mental health such as racial and other forms of discrimination, gender inequality, poverty, unplanned rapid urbanisation, global economic downturns, forced migration, and complex humanitarian emergencies due to natural disasters and conflicts. Deficits in quality education, investment in early child development, safe and inexpensive housing, however local in their expressions, are pervasive in many nations and eventually influence mental health and well‐being.
The weightage of the course is 31%.
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