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How to Start Writing Brain Drain Essay?

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What is Brain Drain?

 

An extensive exodus or migration of people is referred to as "brain drain" in slang. A nation's internal unrest, the presence of lucrative career possibilities abroad, or a desire to live in a country with a higher quality of living can all contribute to a brain drain. When employees believe they may get better salary, benefits, or advancement opportunities at another firm or sector, brain drain can also happen at the organisational or industrial levels in addition to on a geographical scale. Brain drains results in the loss of a significant number of highly valued people for nations, businesses, and organisations. The phrase is frequently used to refer to the departure of teams of physicians, healthcare providers, scientists, engineers, or financial experts. There are two basic ways that these places of origin are impacted when these individuals go. First off, as more people leave the country, less talent is available in that field. Second, each professional implies surplus spending units, which hurts the nation's economy. Since professionals sometimes make high wages, their departure lowers consumer spending in that area or the nation as a whole.

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History of Brain Drain

 

2.9 percent of the world's population, or about 175 million people, spent more than a year living outside of their place of origin in 2000. About 65 million of them were engaged in economic activity. Many health professionals have already participated in this type of relocation. 3: There are a variety of reasons why nurses and doctors are looking for work overseas, including the high unemployment rate in their native countries. When many European professionals moved to the UK and USA in the 1940s, international migration became a significant public health problem. 4 The World Health Organization (WHO) produced a thorough analysis on the number and flow of health professionals in the 1970s that included data from 40 countries.  Nearly 90% of all physicians who were migrating, according to this survey, were going to only five nations: Australia, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. 140 000 physicians worldwide, or roughly 6% of the total, were living outside of their countries of origin in 1972. Only three nations—the USA, UK, and Canada—accounted for more than three-quarters of the total. The major donor nations mirrored colonial and linguistic relations, with Asian nations including India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka predominating. The nations that generated more doctors than they could absorb were identified as Egypt, India, Pakistan, the Philippines, and South Korea by relating the number of doctors per 10,000 people to gross domestic product (GDP) per capita.  The inability to define whether a migrant is "permanent" or "temporary" and the absence of accurate statistics persist, though and therefore It is possible to argue that this exodus from poor nations is both necessary and inevitable. There are undoubtedly benefits, such as the opportunity to travel, but at the same time, the fact that so few professionals are leaving the United States or the United Kingdom may be just as alarming as the enormous rates of immigration to these nations.

 

Geographic, Organizational, and Industrial Brain Drain

 

Brain drains, commonly referred to as a flight of human capital, can happen on several levels. Geographic brain drain occurs when brilliant individuals choose to relocate to another country or area within a given one. A large-scale migration of bright workers departing a firm is referred to as organisational brain drain. This occurs frequently as a result of employee unrest, a lack of opportunity inside the organisation, or the perception that they would find it easier to achieve their professional goals elsewhere. When talented individuals leave not just a firm but an entire industry, it is called a "industrial brain drain." Political unrest, a poor quality of life, a lack of access to healthcare, and a lack of job opportunities are just a few of the prevalent factors that contribute to brain drain on a regional scale. These considerations lead brilliant and competent professionals to leave their home nations in search of locations with greater prospects. Organizational and industrial brain drain typically results from a fast-changing economic environment where businesses and industries that are unable to adapt to social and technological changes lose their top employees to those that can.

 

Real World Example of Brain Drains

 

As of 2019, the ongoing Puerto Rican debt crisis has had a substantial impact on brain drain. The island has been severely impacted by the migration of qualified medical personnel in particular. Although over half of Puerto Rico's population is covered by Medicare or Medicaid, the island receives much less federal funding to support these programmes than states with a similar population size on the mainland, such as Mississippi. The island is unable to pay physicians, nurses, and other medical workers competitive salaries due to a lack of financing and the island's severe financial status. As a result, many of these experts are migrating to the mainland in search of chances with greater financial reward. In a report by CBS, the news source examines a few individual incidents, including the tale of Damarys Perales, an accountant for the health department of Puerto Rico. Additionally, Hurricane Maria, which hit Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017, added to the nation's brain drain by making departure even more of an incentive.

 

Converting Brain Drain Into Wisdom Gain

 

The largest source of healthcare migration from developing nations to industrialised ones is currently South Asia. This pattern has given rise to worries that the exodus of healthcare workers is negatively harming the healthcare system in emerging nations and, as a result, the population's health. As a result, policymakers in the source nations are looking for ways to slow down or even stop the exodus of healthcare workers. Demographic changes, such as the ageing of the baby-boom generation, are a major driver of the rising need for health care in higher income nations. The phrase "brain drain" and "human capital flight" have been replaced with "professional mobility" or "brain circulation" in order to better describe the liberalisation of international trade in products and labour. Therefore, solutions must to be founded on this broader viewpoint, which links disparities in the health workforce not just across but also within developing and rich nations.

 

Conclusion

 

On a concluding note, it can be noted that reviewing the social, political, and economic factors that led to the flight is necessary, as is ensuring local security and creating chances for growth. Lowering of standards shouldn't be tolerated; instead, local circumstances should be examined and changed to enhance the current situation.

 

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