Essay On Compare Two Architectural Buildings

This research will be focusing on two buildings Flatiron Tower and The Tower at PNC Plaza both located in New York. The main reason for selecting these buildings is because they are comparable with each other, during the  research it has been identified that Tower at PNC Plaza was just a modern version of the Flatiron Tower, and the Architects of building have been inspired by the Flatiron Tower.

 

The Flatiron Building was located at 175 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, New York City, it was also known as the Fuller Building. Due to its architecture and design of a skyscraper, it is also considered as a pioneering example that was completed in 1902, it was one of the largest buildings in New York during 1902. The design was completed by Chicago architect Daniel Burnham to resemble a Beaux-Arts-style Renaissance villa (Zhai, 2019). The Flatiron Building characterizes the Chicago university of high-rise building design in dissimilarity to the early skyscrapers of New York City, which shaped towers from a lower, blockish mass similar to a representative construction. the frontage of the Atlantic Terra Cotta Corporation construction in Tottenville, Staten Island, jolts with limestone and progressively changes to glazed terra-cotta from the corporation as it rises.

 

In past, most of the people generally discuss about 20th Century as it was an era of religious wars because of that most people are religious and followed the secular ideologies of the nineteenth-century vintage. For example, as in socialism and nationalism, most of the gods were either notions or candidates acclaimed in the manner of spiritualities. during this century Flatiron has been constructed as most of the world had almost improved from the wars. The architecture of Flatiron building was considered as the first building that was stated to use a steel skeleton-like supporting framework that helped for carrying a significantly huge portion of Architecture load because of that this project was created after extensive research that was carried out during construction. Due to the rapid recovery, it has opened several creative activities that were allowed to convey their ideas and ideology without being linked to cultural ideas and old-fashioned approaches to construction. The overall design of this building was constructed by consideration of three horizontal sections that also include wide-ranging elevators after comparison of this building it has been observed that this structure has been supported by several small and medium components that have helped for the distribution of carrying a load that has been easily transferring due to small elements.

 

The Corporation called American Bridge sited in Pennsylvania has been allocated to supply steel skeleton, and because of that, it become possible to construct overall design and structure. Due to the frames, this building was able to achieve a full height of 22 storeys, which was not possible aforementioned utilizing other structure practices. A contracting firm (Fuller) that has vast experience in the construction of skyscrapers because of the experience they become familiar with the procedural issue that can harm overall building. After the observation of Flatiron building, it has been located that an acute angle of roughly 25 degrees may be pragmatic at the "pointy" end of the building from above. The pinnacle of the three-cornered tower is just 6.5 feet wide (Al-Kodmany, 2018). At that time There was no "cowcatcher" shop extent at the visibility of the construction within Burnham or Dunkelberg considered it. instead, Harry Black maintained on the addition of the retail space for optimizing the use of the building's lot and generating revenue to lower overall construction costs. To keep the "prow" of the building's two-story high Classical columns, Black pressed Burnham to was able to found new ideas for the management of expansion. However, Burnham has declined because of the aesthetic impact that would have on the building's columns as they were supported by the cornice at the building's apex.

 

During the  management of Proposed designs has been pressed aggressively on Burnham by Black, as all of suggestions were rejected by Burnham due to the aesthetic impact they may have on the "pro." Burnham was forced to agree to the calculation due to Black's persistence, because of that it has disrupted design's symmetry (Luigi, 2013). And also penthouse was an afterthought during  the design of this skyscraper. In the Flatiron building, a total number of floors in the building are 21. After the completion of remaining portion of building it was rented out by artists Louis Fancher. Although working in the offices below, several of these artists contributed to pulp journals. This building was never considered the highest structure but has remained one of the most dramatic-looking, and its admiration by photojournalists and artists has made it an enduring representation of New York for more than several areas. Due to its moderate architecture, this building was able to become more sustainable on comparison to other sets of a building that has still standing. During the construction of this building, the architecture team has focused on specific consideration that has helped them to mitigate safety risk that can cause project delays.

 

During the initiation of this project, the design of the construction's interior was a substitute for an intellect of community and partnership (Zhai, 2019). There are several Exclusive research and company-specific understandings directed the architecture design, that has also included different sectors for supporting diversity in work Conditions. In exertions to bring renewed life toward the city center of Pittsburgh's skyline, PNC has constructed Tower at PNC Plaza. That has execution of an integrated plan. This tower provides help in the advancement of a multistorey place of work building skill, that has given new benefits for workers, and also it benefits overall city. This Office buildings contain several floors that are connected through a staircase as well as an elevator. Also, a serval range of exertion settings can be found in these well-lit and large city areas. Due to the construction of this building, it has encouraged several Individuals to go between floorings and cooperate with each other as they all explore the various compartment within the building, as every one of which has slight dissimilarities during programming as well as furnishings.

 

The Tower at PNC has been inspired by the Flatiron Tower because of that It has taken several designs that are similar because of their environmentally friendly and modernist construction. PNC also has several new built-in Energy and Ecological designs that have been certified as green buildings (Hou and Lin, 2017).

 

The Tower at PNC Plaza has followed a design approach that has been anticipated to result in "a structure that will breathe." The internal and external structure of this building has been protected by a double-glazed shutter wall that has automated openings (windows) on the outside and flaps that has to enable fresh air to socialize through. During construction of this building, approximately 40% of the working hours of the tower that are expected to be expended in this mode of natural ventilation, this type of Structure does not require usage of any motorized fans. After an overall evaluation of this overall design, it can be concluded that two-shaft solar chimes are placed in the center of the trapezoidal floor plate, which is most critical element for this structure. One of the chambers at the top of the building has an area of 5,000 square feet in size because of that with a concrete slab and an angled glass roof that has managed to capture solar energy (Al-Kodmany, 2018). During the moderate season such as spring and autumn, as the temperatures are mild and humidity levels are low, the structure can generate a pressure difference that can reduce external air with the help of a moveable facade because of that it has created a 30-inch cavity. The installed solar chimney provides help for pulling the air over the floor plates and expelling it into different areas. In a season such as a winter, the chamber also helps by preheating ambient air before it is sent to the tower for supply (Al-Kodmany and Kheir 2022).

 

 

The Tower of PNC Plaza has been designed in a way that looks quite interesting due to its developments. In past few years due to its uniqueness in design, It has obtained its place as one of the most famous structures. As the design has been made in a way that shows the greenest office tower in the world, as compared to building for example Flatiron Tower in comparison of its building shop and selected methods of architecting that have been learned over the past 20 years (Smeathers and Andrew, 2021).To create a more justifiable edifice and less exclusive at the same time as being a modern standout construction structure (Flatiron building). After the consideration of several research aspects which show histrionic look and aesthetic about it. The generation of overall project has been focused on sustainability and it connects its user to achieving new heights of effective performance as well as improved efficiency. The Tower at PNC Plaza topographies numerous ultra-high presentation frontage to attain the maximum ordinary in maintainable as well as sustainability regarding office building construction.

 

After Analysis of overall structure of this architecture, this study has provided an overall idea of a time drain, Architecture and it quotes “it is important to note that during selection of different techniques regarding drawing it has created architecture’s interdependence with other projects that are created by the normal method of generation, after successful creations of this architected project it has discussed a critical degree of imaginational self-sufficiency. Because of that different set of a project such as historically, architecture drawing, several architectures that have been able to imagine and speculate upon possible commodities, diverse from whatsoever are currently present quantifiable and social reality.”

 

The dessin of this building also included a model of a glass-topped compartment that are also built on the roof of another PNC-owned structure near the construction site by a project team member.  Because of that air can easily pass through within the building but in a way of more slowly and gently. After the deep research Scientists are able to utilize mockups for recording several characteristics such as the temperature of air and surface in the chamber for validating their computational fluid dynamics (CFD) research as well as energy models. The main motive of this research in architecting operation helped for optimize the solar chimney's overall dimensions and also their overall contours (Smeathers and Andrew, 2021).

 

All That Is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity has explained “a systematic understanding of innovativeness (modernization) that helps to simply some of the insincerities of the contemporary (modern) "post-modern" mystique”. As the Modernism of the 1970s has illustrious numerous desire and power to reminisce because of that to remind modern societies-regardless of any ideologies and ruling curricula which have been lost or forgotten. These two buildings (Flatiron building and The Tower at PNC Plaza) have their overall structure and shape have been accomplished by the selection of modernism and modification that can not be accomplished by the past ideologies.

 

 

“The Tower at PNC Plaza / Gensler.” 2015. ArchDaily. December 22, 2015.

 

 

Al-Kodmany, K. The vertical city: a sustainable development model. WIT press. 2018.

 

 

Al-Kodmany, Kheir. "Sustainable High-Rise Buildings: Toward Resilient Built Environment." Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. 2022. 53.

 

 

Hou, Lin. "The Triangle of Sustainability: a comparative study of contemporary sustainable architecture in Beijing and Pittsburgh." PhD diss., University of Pittsburgh, 2017.

 

 

Kostof, Spiro, and Greg Castillo.  A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals. 2nd / ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995, Chapter 27, 695-719. [BSL Main Collection 720.9 K86h.2]

 

 

Luigi P., 2013. The History of Architecture 1905-2008

 

 

Neuhart, John, Charles Eames, Ray Eames, and Marilyn Neuhart. Eames Design: The Work of the Office of Charles and Ray Eames. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1989. [BSL Main Collection BMM 745.44922 E12.N]

 

 

Scully, Vincent Joseph. American Architecture and Urbanism. New York: Praeger, 1969. [BSL Main Collection BMM 720.973 S437, BMU 720.973 S437]

 

 

Smeathers, Andrew. "The Historic Flatiron (Fuller) Building, nyc." 2021.

 

 

Zhai, L. The Comparison of Total and Phased Evacuation Strategies for a High-rise Office Building. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park). 2019.