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Introduction


During the transition phases, nurses go through several challenges. The transition from a student to a registered nurse has been observed as a difficult transition for few nurses. The orientation programs can play a great role in the effective transition. Nurses in the transition phase experience several feelings of emotions, and insecurity and sometimes they fear wrong decisions (Rücker et al., 2021). A novice nurse may not have skills or may not have thinking ability. The action plan will highlight learning needs that will be concerned with interprofessional collaboration, patient safety and risk management in health care settings including environmental and infrastructure-based hazards. Interprofessional care help patient in reducing several issues such as redundancies in patient care and in creating patient care plans. It supports or encourages patients and nurses to discuss a variety of problems and in resolving complex issues. Patient safety includes several roles in regulating patients and detecting errors. Patient safety can be ensured by using monitoring technology, promoting a team atmosphere and verifying the medical procedures (von Vogelsang et al., 2020). Nurses should be aware of environmental health, they should learn about the health and safety of the environment too. A safe and clean environment will support monitoring and enhancing the health of patients.
 

Learning Need 1: Patient Safety


Quality improvement activities: It includes various tools and strategies such as Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA), this strategy will support nurses in rapid cycle improvement in the health care sector. PDSA includes a plan which supports in recruiting team. Recruiting team members support in identifying different roles and responsibilities to set up a meeting schedule. An aim statement can be drafted that will assist student nurses in making changes for improvement. A problem statement should be clearly explained, it will be helpful in prioritizing the problems. Check sheet, flow chart, and swim lane map can be included that will support in the evaluation plan. The study is the third stage that supports plan improvement and observing unintended side effects. The act includes reflection on the plan and its results. Creating a safe environment will ensure patient safety and nurses should be attentive to follow procedures carefully (Foley et al., 2022). Other tools can be used include the preparation of reminder charts, computer-based decision support, Audit and feedback including feedback of performance and result data of top performers. Promotion of self-management and patient reminder systems can be included in quality improvement.
 

Risk management: Risk assessment is important in evaluating risks that may have a negative influence on with safety of care delivered to the patients. The nurses collaborate with other team members concerning to reduce the risks of medical treatments. Risk management, patient safety, and quality improvement are interlinked (Lobchuk 2021). Minimizing the medical errors will increase patient safety as well as the financial liability of health care organizations (Mueller et al., 2019). It focuses on patient harm and another kind of risks associated with it. Threat to patient safety influences quality of care provided to patients and it usually impacts the quality of care (Ulenaers et al., 2021). Risk management and patient safety will enable the improvement in providing the accuracy of patient identification and it will also help in improving the safety for using medications (von Vogelsang et al.,2020).
 
 
Situational awareness: It supports in avoiding obstacles and hurdles for providing better care. There should be a culture of open communication that will help nurses in creating situational awareness. Nurses should follow basics of situational awareness, it is concerned with patient safety, it supports spreading awareness of the environment, having belief in gut feelings, and changing if anything is not good (Shahid & Thomas, 2018). This also includes airways, blood circulation and various equipment that should be surveyed. Situational awareness will enable nurses in understanding situation what can happen next. It will support in understanding challenges and in identifying leadership qualities. It also includes educating patients while discharging so that they can be cared for properly. Situational awareness is associated with the prevention of harm to patients. Nurses remain in direct contact with patients, they help in consistently monitoring patients (Tower et al., 2019).
 

Resources: Various resources such as documentation errors modules, patient identification errors modules and diagnostic errors modules. All of these can be avoided by using different resources available in health care organizations to reduce errors (Lobchuk 2021).
 

Timeline: Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) will be followed by nurses in second week admission, this will support in problem solving. This cycle will help nurses in planning and in learning outcome.
 

Learning Need 2: Risk Management In Health Care Setting Including Environmental And Infrastructure-Based Hazards


Quality improvement activities: It includes different management programs, cyber security concerns along with reimbursement climate. Few activities such as acute care can be provided by nurses to improve health of the patient. Nurses need to be employed at critical care and at emergency care. Nurses require to use various of medical equipment for medication and treatment of patients. Equipment should be sterilized or it should be free from any kind of infections. In the rehabilitation centre, the role of nurse is to support each of patient by setting realistic goals for providing better treatment plans (Barnett et al., 2020). These nurses may practice in different settings such as long-term care facilities, outpatient rehabilitation centres and in insurance companies. Risk management in health care setting can be improved through support of nurses by supporting the transition process for the patient along with their family members (von Vogelsang et al., 2020). Nurses should be able to access infrastructure based hazards that can harm the patients. Infrastructure hazard affects the health of the patients, poor facilities is also included in infrastructure hazards. Nurses should make not of all the poor equipment and facilities that hinder patient safety in health care organization. Reporting structure, processes and procedures should be known to nurses in health care settings (Mansel & Einion, 2019).
 

Risk management: It includes different infrastructure-based hazards and their risk management by nurses. Nurses should be able to know about chemical hazards that are injurious to the health of individuals. Electrical machines based hazards need to be carefully managed as this will help in assessing patient safety (Ulenaers et al., 2021).
 
 
Hazard vulnerability analysis (HVA) and risk assessment are a few of the approaches that nurses should be aware of it. Nurses need to implement safety protocols such as wearing masks and gloves, this safety protocol will support both nurses and patients in safety measurement (Baugh et al., 2021). Other hazards include occupational violence, work-related stress and movement of various handling equipment, for instance, wheelchairs should be handled carefully and should be checked prior to use. Establishing risk management includes various aspects such as providing reporting culture, and making clear departmental communication (Lobchuk 2021).
 

Situational awareness: This aspect is important in nursing; it will assist in understanding the situation or hazards because of infrastructure or by health care setting. Nurses can apply or use situational awareness by collecting information through various sources, and implementing the information gathered(von Vogelsang et al.,2020). Situational awareness includes four different phases such as detection, recognition, and comprehension. All four phases should be kept in mind for the identification of hazards in a health care setting.
 

Resources: It includes financial-related risk management goals that need to be followed by nurses in diminishing the malpractices as well as providing better safety measures. Nurses must be aware of the administrative system, processes and reports (Lobchuk 2021). This will help in rescuing from various health hazards that help patients in getting better care. Few strategies such as detection and monitoring should be taken care of by nurses to access the resources and implement them in safety procedures (Farokhzadian et al., 2018).
 

Timeline: Nurses will be assigned with this task (different stages for risk management in a health care setting) in the first week of admission, this will make nurses aware of the identification of risk, analyzing the risk, prioritizing risk and treatment of risk.
 

Learning Need 3 (Interprofessional Collaboration/Teamwork Need)


Quality improvement activities: Teamwork among nurses support professional accountability; this will sustain the nurses in preserving track of diverse practices and procedures (Ulenaers et al., 2021). Engagement at the hospitals can be enhanced by setting up good connections with associates. When teams are concerned with convincing communication, the nurses manage patient care. Different activities such as safety rounds, structured family meetings and safety hurdles need to take care of by nurses to manage interprofessional collaboration (Lobchuk 2021).
 

Risk management: Teamwork supports maintaining collaboration with fellow nurses and it supports in managing the risk of various issues such as assists in minimizing inefficiencies in treatment. There can be a risk of clear roles and poor communication with team members. Few tools can assist in improving communication and in the development of contribution. Interprofessional collaboration improves coordination and it in turn also improves the quality of patient care (Labrague et al., 2022).
 

Situational awareness: In interprofessional collaboration, situational awareness is also important, nurses are required to be aware of any kind of issues among team members. These issues need to resolve immediately so that nurses can focus on the patient. Open communication can be maintained in determining and understanding the problems (Obermayer et al., 2022)
 
 
Resources: Patient care manuals, manuals for collaborative work in nursing, team work in nursing modules can be beneficial for team work and collaboration.
 

Timeline: Interprofessional collaboration will be implemented in the third week of admission. Nurses will be made aware of this teamwork and its advantages.
 

Leadership principles: Teamwork supports removing barriers and in encouraging transparency among various health care professionals. This strategy will promote closing communication gaps and will help in empowering team members. Teamwork among nurses provides a supportive environment and has shown a good role in taking care of patients (Ulenaers et al., 2021). Other activities include setting goals among co-nurses, becoming familiar with other activities and communicating goals with other members to achieve better progress. Teamwork improves or reduces various kinds of errors such as medication errors and it supports improving the quality of care in a diverse population (Lobchuk 2021).
 

Conclusion


It can be concluded that during transition phase nurses go through several challenges. The action plan has included various factors such as interprofessional collaboration, patient safety and risk management in health care settings including environmental and infrastructure-based hazards. All these factors are important for are registered nurse to be aware of. These factors supported nurses in combating several problems and in serving various procedures. Nurses can also get aware of safe environment. Patient safety has included several tools and strategies such  as Plan-Do-Study-Act that supports nurses in rapid cycle improvement. Threat to patient safety affects the quality of care delivered to patients and it usually influences the quality of care. Risk management and patient safety has enabled the advancement in supplying the accuracy of patient identification and has helped in enhancing the safety for using remedies.
 

References


Barnett, M. L., & Grabowski, D. C., (2020, March). Nursing homes are ground zero for COVID-19 pandemic. In JAMA Health Forum (Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. e200369-e200369). American Medical Association. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/2763666
 
 
Baugh, J., Kemen, K., Messervy, J., & Biddinger, P., (2021). Beyond the Hazard Vulnerability Analysis: Preparing Health Systems for Climate Change. Rhode Island Medical Journal, 104(9). https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=03637913&AN=153361290&h=gDSPp46pl9MefHgRBBfbxXf2wBXznpBZV%2BChBZOeoKr7MWW1itavpQ0bPJFzmmSwisumtfInydKUFZsxSlsMLw%3D%3D&crl=c
 
 
Farokhzadian, J., Dehghan Nayeri, N., & Borhani, F., (2018). The long way ahead to achieve an effective patient safety culture: challenges perceived by nurses. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 1-13. https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-018-3467-1
 
 
Foley, J., Ward, E. C., Burns, C. L., Nund, R. L., Wishart, L. R., Graham, N., & Comben, W., (2022). Enhancing speech-language pathology head and neck cancer service provision in rural Australia: Using a plan, do, study, act approach. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1-14. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17549507.2022.2050300
 
 
Labrague, L. J., Al Sabei, S., Al Rawajfah, O., AbuAlRub, R., & Burney, I. (2022). Interprofessional collaboration as a mediator in the relationship between nurse work environment, patient safety outcomes and job satisfaction among nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(1), 268-278. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jonm.13491
 
 
Lobchuk, M., Bell, A., Hoplock, L., & Lemoine, J., (2021). Interprofessional discharge team communication and empathy in discharge planning activities: A narrative review. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 23, 100393. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2405452620300732
 
 
Mansel, B., & Einion, A., (2019). ‘It's the relationship you develop with them’: emotional intelligence in nurse leadership. A qualitative study. British Journal of Nursing, 28(21), 1400-1408. https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/bjon.2019.28.21.1400
 
 
Mueller, B. U., Neuspiel, D. R., Fisher, E. R. S., Franklin, W., Adirim, T., Bundy, D. G., & Hsu, B., (2019). Principles of pediatric patient safety: reducing harm due to medical care. Pediatrics, 143(2). https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article-abstract/143/2/e20183649/37320
 
 
Obermayer, N., Kővári, E., Leinonen, J., Bak, G., & Valeri, M., (2022). How social media practices shape family business performance: the wine industry case study. European Management Journal, 40(3), 360-371. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263237321001122
 
 
Rücker, F., Hårdstedt, M., Rücker, S. C. M., Aspelin, E., Smirnoff, A., Lindblom, A., & Gustavsson, C. (2021). From chaos to control–experiences of healthcare workers during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: a focus group study. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 1-13. https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-021-07248-9
 
 
Shahid, S., & Thomas, S., (2018). Situation, background, assessment, recommendation (SBAR) communication tool for handoff in health care–a narrative review. Safety in Health, 4(1), 1-9. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40886-018-0073-1
 
 
Tower, M., Watson, B., Bourke, A., Tyers, E., & Tin, A., (2019). Situation awareness and the decision‐making processes of final‐year nursing students. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 28(21-22), 3923-3934. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jocn.14988
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