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Charlemagne

Charlemagne is also referred as Charles the Great, who was the King of the Franks during 768 and King of the Lombards during 774 as well as Emperor of the Romans during 800. It is observed that Charlemagne, in the early Middle Ages united the majority of central as well as western Europe. In addition to that, the emperor was recognized to rule from Western region of Europe because fall of Western Roman empire during the previous three centuries. Furthermore, this expanded to Frankish state which was founded by Charlemagne and is known as popular Carolingian empire. However, later Antipope Paschal III canonised him (Charlemagne), hence it is regarded as “beatified”. This is referred to the step or path towards sainthood under the mainstream or Catholic Church.

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Background of Charlemagne

It is recorded that Charlemagne was eldest son of Bertrada of Laon & Pepin the Short, prior to their canonical marriage. Various study shows that Charlemagne became the king of Franks during the time period of 768 after death of his (Charlemagne) father, who was also the co-ruler along with this own brother named Carloman I, till the death of later in 771. In the form of sole leader or ruler, Charlemagne was analysed to follow his father’s guidelines and rules to the papacy, which helped him to become the protector thereby removing from Lombards under the power of northern Italy as well as leading to incursion to Muslim Spain back to those years.

Charlemagne also campaigned against Saxons to the east whereas Christianising these individuals to penalty of death or even by leading them to any events such as the popular Massacre of Verden. In addition to that, the individual or Charlemagne was able to reach the height of power till 800 after which he was crowned as the Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day in Old St. Peter’s Basilica located in Rome by Pope Leo III. Charlemagne was also named as “Father of Europe” or Pater Europe because he was responsible or uniting most of the regions located in Western Europe with the help of his effective policies and rules in politics. It is also observed by experts that Charlemagne was the first individual to unite regions of Western Europe under the Roman Empire and he focussed on those regions of Europe, which never came under the Frankish rule in that era. The experts also explained that Charlemagne’s rule spurred Carolingian Renaissance, which was during the period of energetic cultural as well as intellectual activity in the Western Church.

However, the Eastern Orthodox Church was viewed as less favourable region for Charlemagne because he did not receive much support from the members of the church due to filioque. Pope preferred him or perceived him (Charlemagne) as an emperor and more powerful than the Byzantine Empire, which is known as the first female monarch named as Irene of Athens. On the other hand, many disputes were observed to be faced by people in this region due to lack of appropriate management of leadership approach. Hence, it led to split of Constantinople and Rome during the Great Schism of 1054.

It is observed that Charlemagne died during 814, and he was cremated in the Aachen Cathedral, which is located in imperial capital city at Aachen. Charlemagne was married for four times from which he had three sons who lived till adulthood. Out of the three sons, only youngest son named as Louis the Pious, survived and succeeded his throne. However, it is rumoured that Charlemagne had many illegitimate children from his concubines.

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Meaning of the name, Charlemagne

Charlemagne usually refers to the emperor, which is deduced from English, whereas the French term, Charles-le-magne, means Charles the Great. However, in modern German, the name Karl der Grobe holds similar meaning. The nickname magnus or great, might be associated with Charles Martel. Contemporary Latin of Royal Frankish Annals called him by Carlous magnus rex, or Charles the great king. In the form of nickname, it is certainly attested with the work of Poeta Saxo, which is around 900 and became standard in lands of their formal empire during the early 1000. On the other hand, achievements of Charles gained a new meaning to the name due to different languages in Europe.

Brief Analysis of the Political Background of Charlemagne

During 6^th century in Western Germanic tribe located in Franks, it was baptized in a considerable measure by Clovis I. Similarly, Francia, which was ruled by Merovingians, became the most powerful due to presence of strong leadership policy, that also helped them to succeed the overall Western Roman Empire. It is followed by the Battle of Tetry, where Merovingians was declined to powerlessness, which showed that it was dubbed as rois faineants or do-nothing kings. Hence, most of the government powers tend to be exercised through chief officer, named Mayor of the Palace.

It is also observed that during early 687, the Pepin of Herstal, which is a mayor palace of Austrasia, ended their strife between different kings as well as with their mayors under the victory in Tertry. In addition to that, the individual or Charlemagne became sole governor for their entire Frankish kingdom. However, Pepsin is known to be the grandson for two important figures present within the Austrasian Kingdom, named as Saint Arnulf from Metz as well as Pepsin from Landen. Later, Charles succeeded Pepsin of Herstal, which is also known as the Charles Martel or Charles the Hammer.

Pepsin was elected through an assembly in the Franks during 750, which was anointed under archbishop further it was raised as the office of king. However, Childeric III was branded as “the false king” also ordered him to a monastery. Carolingian dynasty replaced Merovingian dynasty and it was renamed as Charles Martel.

Power of Charlemagne

It is most likely that the birth of Charlemagne was reconstructed with the help of different sources. It began from 742, which was calculated as Einhard’s date of death to 744, which represents his death.

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